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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/10276
Τίτλος: | Characterizing Aggregated Exposure to Primary Particulate Matter: Recommended Intake Fractions for Indoor and Outdoor Sources | Συγγραφείς: | Fantke, Peter Jolliet, Olivier Apte, Joshua S. Hodas, Natasha Evans, John S. Weschler, Charles J. Stylianou, Katerina S. Jantunen, Matti J. McKone, Thomas E. |
Major Field of Science: | Medical and Health Sciences | Field Category: | Health Sciences | Λέξεις-κλειδιά: | Environmental contributor;Global disease burden;Life Cycle Initiative | Ημερομηνία Έκδοσης: | 15-Αυγ-2017 | Πηγή: | Environmental Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 51, no. 16, pp. 9089-9100 | Volume: | 51 | Issue: | 16 | Start page: | 9089 | End page: | 9100 | Περιοδικό: | Environmental Science & Technology | Περίληψη: | Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) from indoor and outdoor sources is a leading environmental contributor to global disease burden. In response, we established under the auspices of the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative a coupled indoor-outdoor emission-to-exposure framework to provide a set of consistent primary PM 2.5 aggregated exposure factors. We followed a matrix-based mass balance approach for quantifying exposure from indoor and ground-level urban and rural outdoor sources using an effective indoor-outdoor population intake fraction and a system of archetypes to represent different levels of spatial detail. Emission-to-exposure archetypes range from global indoor and outdoor averages, via archetypal urban and indoor settings, to 3646 real-world cities in 16 parametrized subcontinental regions. Population intake fractions from urban and rural outdoor sources are lowest in Northern regions and Oceania and highest in Southeast Asia with population-weighted means across 3646 cities and 16 subcontinental regions of, respectively, 39 ppm (95% confidence interval: 4.3-160 ppm) and 2 ppm (95% confidence interval: 0.2-6.3 ppm). Intake fractions from residential and occupational indoor sources range from 470 ppm to 62 000 ppm, mainly as a function of air exchange rate and occupancy. Indoor exposure typically contributes 80-90% to overall exposure from outdoor sources. Our framework facilitates improvements in air pollution reduction strategies and life cycle impact assessments. | URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/10276 | ISSN: | 15205851 | DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.7b02589 | Rights: | © American Chemical Society | Type: | Article | Affiliation: | Technical University of Denmark University of Texas at Austin California Institute of Technology Harvard University Cyprus University of Technology Rutgers University Technical University of Denmark National Institute for Health and Welfare University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
Publication Type: | Peer Reviewed |
Εμφανίζεται στις συλλογές: | Άρθρα/Articles |
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