Ferromagnetic elements in two-dimensional materials: 2D magnets and beyond
Journal
Advanced Functional Materials
Date Issued
January 9, 2024
Author(s)
Papavasileiou, A. V.
DOI
10.1002/adfm.202309046
Abstract
Ferromagnetism in 2D materials has attracted tremendous interest from the
scientific community thanks to its potential for the design of magnetic
materials with unique properties. The presence of a ferromagnetic element in
a 2D material can improve the existing properties and offer new ones, giving
rise to the development of manifold applications. This review focuses on
recent advances and perspectives of 2D materials that bear at least one
ferromagnetic element (iron, cobalt, nickel) as i) structural constituent, ii)
dopant atom, or iii) adjacent atom through proximity effect. By describing in
detail the magnetic properties that have emerged so far, their potential to
form next-generation 2D magnets is discussed. Moreover, the contribution of
such 2D materials is analyzed in various applications (electrochemical,
photochemical, optical, and electronic), aiming to explore further
functionalities and capabilities of ferromagnetic elements, apart from their
magnetic nature. Special attention is given to gadolinium and other rare earth
elements that display a ferromagnetic order even at ultra-low temperatures
and form part of 2D structured materials, with particularly appealing
properties deriving from their 4f electrons.
scientific community thanks to its potential for the design of magnetic
materials with unique properties. The presence of a ferromagnetic element in
a 2D material can improve the existing properties and offer new ones, giving
rise to the development of manifold applications. This review focuses on
recent advances and perspectives of 2D materials that bear at least one
ferromagnetic element (iron, cobalt, nickel) as i) structural constituent, ii)
dopant atom, or iii) adjacent atom through proximity effect. By describing in
detail the magnetic properties that have emerged so far, their potential to
form next-generation 2D magnets is discussed. Moreover, the contribution of
such 2D materials is analyzed in various applications (electrochemical,
photochemical, optical, and electronic), aiming to explore further
functionalities and capabilities of ferromagnetic elements, apart from their
magnetic nature. Special attention is given to gadolinium and other rare earth
elements that display a ferromagnetic order even at ultra-low temperatures
and form part of 2D structured materials, with particularly appealing
properties deriving from their 4f electrons.
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