Identification and quantification of Volatile Organic Compounds on ‘Mandora’ Juice, using GC-MS chromatography
Date Issued
2025
Author(s)
Kalanidis, Dimitris
Advisor
Abstract
Mandora is a prominent Citrus cultivar that is widely cultivated in Cyprus. It is a Citrus hybrid that combines the genetic characteristics of mandarin and sweet orange. It is closely associated with the island’s citrus-growing regions and is valued for its intense aroma, which is stronger than that of typical oranges. This study investigated the volatile composition of ‘Mandora’ juice and evaluated its aroma profile using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC - MS). The treatments involved the application of a commercial product (SuperFifty), a concentrated extract of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed known for enhancing plant tolerance to abiotic stress and improving fruit set and yield. A total of 131 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified. These compounds were classified into major chemical groups including terpenoids, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones and organic acids. Terpenoids were the predominant class in all samples, with D-limonene identified as the most abundant compound. Although the overall types of compounds were similar in all samples, the treatments resulted in changes in the amounts of certain compounds. In particular, treated samples showed a decrease in β-myrcene and slight increases in some oxygenated terpenes and aldehydes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed a clear separation between control and treated samples, indicating systematic differences in the overall volatile profiles. Overall, the results suggest that the treatments caused minor variations in the relative abundance of VOCs, while the overall volatile composition and the typical citrus aroma of ‘Mandora’ juice remains unchanged
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