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Πεδίο DCΤιμήΓλώσσα
dc.contributor.authorGiallouros, Giorgos-
dc.contributor.authorKouis, Panayiotis-
dc.contributor.authorPapatheodorou, Stefania-
dc.contributor.authorWoodcock, James D.-
dc.contributor.authorTainio, Marko-
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-30T15:29:11Z-
dc.date.available2020-10-30T15:29:11Z-
dc.date.issued2020-07-
dc.identifier.citationEnvironment International, 2020, vol. 140, articl. no. 105679en_US
dc.identifier.issn01604120-
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/19315-
dc.description.abstractRegular active commuting, such as cycling and walking to and from the workplace, is associated with lower all-cause mortality through increased physical activity (PA). However, active commuting may increase intake of fine particles (PM2.5), causing negative health effects. The purpose of this study is to estimate the combined risk of PA and air pollution for all-cause mortality among active commuters who, on days with high PM2.5 levels, switch to commuting by public transportation or work from home. Towards this purpose, we developed a Health Impact Assessment model for six cities (Helsinki, London, Sao Paulo, Warsaw, Beijing, New Delhi) using daily, city-specific PM2.5 concentrations. For each city we estimated combined Relative Risk (RR) due to all-cause mortality for the PA benefits and PM2.5 risks with different thresholds concentrations. Everyday cycling to work resulted in annual all-cause mortality risk reductions ranging from 28 averted deaths per 1000 cyclists (95% confidence interval (CI): 20–38) in Sao Paolo to 12 averted deaths per 1000 cyclists (95% CI: 5–19) in Beijing. Similarly, for everyday walking, the reductions in annual all-cause mortality ranged from 23 averted deaths per 1000 pedestrians (95 CI: 16–31) in Sao Paolo to 10 averted deaths per 1000 pedestrians (95%CI: 5–16) in Beijing. Restricting active commuting during days with PM2.5 levels above specific air quality thresholds would not decrease all-cause mortality risk in any examined city. On the contrary, all-cause mortality risk would increase if walking and cycling are restricted in days with PM2.5 concentrations below 150 μg/m3 in highly polluted cities (Beijing, New Delhi). In all six cities, everyday active commuting reduced all-cause mortality when benefits of PA and risk or air pollution were combined. Switching to working from home or using public transport on days with high air pollution is not expected to lead to improved all-cause mortality risks.en_US
dc.formatpdfen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironment Internationalen_US
dc.rights© The Authorsen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectActive Commutingen_US
dc.subjectAir pollutionen_US
dc.subjectBikeen_US
dc.subjectModellingen_US
dc.subjectMortalityen_US
dc.subjectPhysical activityen_US
dc.titleThe long-term impact of restricting cycling and walking during high air pollution days on all-cause mortality: Health impact Assessment studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.collaborationUniversity of Cyprusen_US
dc.collaborationCyprus University of Technologyen_US
dc.collaborationHarvard Universityen_US
dc.collaborationUniversity of Cambridgeen_US
dc.collaborationPolish Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.collaborationFinnish Environment Institute SYKEen_US
dc.subject.categoryBasic Medicineen_US
dc.journalsOpen Accessen_US
dc.countryCyprusen_US
dc.countryUnited Statesen_US
dc.countryUnited Kingdomen_US
dc.countryPolanden_US
dc.countryFinlanden_US
dc.subject.fieldMedical and Health Sciencesen_US
dc.publicationPeer Revieweden_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envint.2020.105679en_US
dc.relation.volume140en_US
cut.common.academicyear2019-2020en_US
item.fulltextWith Fulltext-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.grantfulltextopen-
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.openairetypearticle-
crisitem.journal.journalissn0160-4120-
crisitem.journal.publisherElsevier-
crisitem.author.deptCyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health-
crisitem.author.deptCyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health-
crisitem.author.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences-
crisitem.author.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0003-0511-5352-
crisitem.author.orcid0000-0002-9451-9094-
crisitem.author.parentorgFaculty of Health Sciences-
crisitem.author.parentorgFaculty of Health Sciences-
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