Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/19251
Title: Hexavalent chromium leads to differential hormetic or damaging effects in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants in a concentration-dependent manner by regulating nitro-oxidative and proline metabolism
Authors: Christou, Anastasis 
Georgiadou, Egli C. 
Zissimos, A. M. 
Christoforou, Irene C. 
Christofi, Christos 
Neocleous, Damianos 
Dalias, Panagiotis 
Torrado, Sofia O.C.A. 
Argyraki, Ariadne 
Fotopoulos, Vasileios 
Major Field of Science: Agricultural Sciences
Field Category: Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries
Keywords: Alfalfa;Antioxidants;Chromium;Nitric oxide;Phytotoxicity;Proline
Issue Date: Dec-2020
Source: Environmental Pollution, 2020, vol. 267, articl. no. 115379
Volume: 267
Journal: Environmental Pollution 
Abstract: Chromium has been proven to be extremely phytotoxic. This study explored the impacts of increasing Cr(VI) exposure (up to 10 mg L−1 K2Cr2O7) on the growth and development of alfalfa plants and adaptation responses employed, in an environmentally relevant context. The threshold concentration of K2Cr2O7 in irrigation water beyond which stress responses are initiated is 1 mg L−1. Lower Cr(VI) exposure (0.5 mg L−1 K2Cr2O7) induced hormesis, evident through increased biomass and larger leaves, likely mediated by increased NO content (supported by elevated NR enzymatic activity and overexpression of NR and ndh genes). Elevated Cr(VI) exposure (5 and 10 mg L−1 K2Cr2O7) resulted in reduced biomass and smaller leaves, and lower levels of photosynthetic pigment (10 mg L−1 K2Cr2O7). Higher levels of lipid peroxidation, H2O2 and NO contents in these plants suggested nitro-oxidative stress. Stress responses included increased SOD and CAT enzymatic activities, further supported to some extent by MnSOD, FeSOD, Cu/ZnSOD and CAT transcripts levels. GST7 and GST17 gene expression patterns, as well as proline content, P5CS enzymatic activity and corresponding P5CS and P5CR gene expression levels emphasized the role of proline and GSTs in the adaptation responses. Results highlight the importance of managing Cr(VI) levels in irrigation water.
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/19251
ISSN: 02697491
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115379
Rights: © Elsevier
Type: Article
Affiliation : Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Cyprus 
Cyprus University of Technology 
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens 
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed
Appears in Collections:Άρθρα/Articles

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