Steel Fiber-Reinforced Rubberised Concrete Barriers as Forgiving Infrastructure
Date Issued
October 2018
Abstract
One of the top ten goals by the European Union’s White Paper on Transport is to reduce road fatalities.
With the most vulnerable road users, motorcyclists, suffering frequent fatalities in crashes involving road
barriers, the European Road Assessment has indicated the critical need to adopt improved barrier designs.
While both steel guardrail and concrete barriers are encountered nowadays as road safety measures,
accident statistics reveal lower numbers of motorist deaths when collisions involve concrete rather than
steel. Aiming to reduce road fatality rates further by increasing the energy absorption of concrete barriers
significantly, this paper investigates the incorporation of End-of-life tyre materials (e.g. steel wires and
rubber particles) into concrete and the formulation of a suitable fibre-reinforced rubberised concrete
mixture. The compressive strength of various rubberised concrete mixtures using cement replacements
such as fly ash and silica fume was assessed experimentally, and an optimised mixture was selected. A
numerical material model was calibrated based on the selected mixture. A case study barrier was
simulated on LS-DYNA using the calibrated material and its performance under impact loading was
investigated through numerical simulations. The scope of the paper is to present the experimental work
and the resulting calibrated numerical model, and illustrate the preliminary results of the numerical study.
With the most vulnerable road users, motorcyclists, suffering frequent fatalities in crashes involving road
barriers, the European Road Assessment has indicated the critical need to adopt improved barrier designs.
While both steel guardrail and concrete barriers are encountered nowadays as road safety measures,
accident statistics reveal lower numbers of motorist deaths when collisions involve concrete rather than
steel. Aiming to reduce road fatality rates further by increasing the energy absorption of concrete barriers
significantly, this paper investigates the incorporation of End-of-life tyre materials (e.g. steel wires and
rubber particles) into concrete and the formulation of a suitable fibre-reinforced rubberised concrete
mixture. The compressive strength of various rubberised concrete mixtures using cement replacements
such as fly ash and silica fume was assessed experimentally, and an optimised mixture was selected. A
numerical material model was calibrated based on the selected mixture. A case study barrier was
simulated on LS-DYNA using the calibrated material and its performance under impact loading was
investigated through numerical simulations. The scope of the paper is to present the experimental work
and the resulting calibrated numerical model, and illustrate the preliminary results of the numerical study.
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